Iran strikes Kuwait and Bahrain as escalating attacks threaten to unravel peace efforts

President Donald Trump has warned that the United States could be forced to return to war as a series of escalating reciprocal strikes with Iran continued into Sunday, threatening to unravel peace efforts between the two countries.

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Bahrain and Kuwait faced fresh Iranian attacks early Sunday, hours after U.S. Central Command said it had hit multiple targets across Iran in response to “continued aggression” against commercial shipping in the Strait of Hormuz.

“United States aircraft just struck Iranian missile and drone storage locations, and coastal radar sites, for violating the Cease Fire Agreement, AGAIN!” President Donald Trump posted Saturday on Truth Social.

“It is very possible that they will never learn! There may come a point when we are no longer able to be reasonable, and will be forced to militarily complete the job that we very successfully started. If that happens, the Islamic Republic of Iran will no longer exist!”

CENTCOM said in a statement Saturday that U.S. fighter jets conducted strikes on 10 Iranian military targets at multiple locations.

Iran was “given a chance to honor the ceasefire agreement but elected not to when its forces launched a one-way attack drone,” it said, referring to an attack on a Panama-flagged vessel on Saturday.

Meanwhile, Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps said it had launched further missiles and drones at U.S. military infrastructure in Kuwait and Bahrain, in a statement reported by state media.

American bases “will experience hell in these coming days,” said IRGC Navy command, as reported by Iran’s semi-official Fars newrs agency.

Bahrain, which hosts the U.S. Navy’s 5th Fleet, said Sunday that a residential building was damaged by the overnight attacks, with “no loss of life.”

The country’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed its “strongest condemnation” of Iranian attacks on the territory, asserting its right to defend itself.

“This dangerous escalation reveals that Tehran’s actions are not isolated incidents or random acts, but rather a deliberate and systematic pattern of repeated aggression against the Kingdom’s sovereignty and the security of its citizens and resident,” it said in a statement posted on X.

Kuwait’s army said Sunday that its air defenses were also countering Iranian missile and drone attacks. Two ballistic missiles were intercepted, it said, with no damage reported.

The series of reciprocal attacks began this week with a disagreement over shipping in the Strait of Hormuz. Tehran, which had committed to reopening the critical waterway, has insisted that vessels follow a specified route close to its coastline, but many vessels are choosing to instead transit through the waters of the United Arab Emirates and Oman.

Is the Strait of Hormuz open or closed?

After a series of Iranian threats to vessels that had used the alternative route, a Singapore-flagged ship was attacked on Thursday, to which the U.S. reciprocated by hitting Iranian military targets. Those strikes triggered an Iranian response, continuing the cycle of attacks that has since escalated.

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps spokesman Hossein Mohebi said Sunday that “every time the enemy violates the ceasefire, it will receive a harsher response than before,” according to Iran’s hard-line Student News Network.

The IRGC also said it would be dealing with vessels it claims violated its approved route “stronger than before.”

Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi said later Sunday that the Strait of Hormuz will be managed under Iranian administration and “will return to pre-war capacity within 30 days.”

“No other country or entity has responsibility in this regard and any interference or attempt otherwise will complicate the situation,” he said during a trip to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq.

Vice President JD Vance, who had been tapped to play a lead role in ongoing U.S.-Iran negotiations, said Friday on X: “If they have disagreements about how the MOU is being applied, they can pick up the phone. But violence will be met with violence.”

The memorandum of understanding signed by the U.S. and Iran less than two weeks ago stipulates that the Strait of Hormuz — a vital waterway through which some 20% of the world’s oil passed before the war — will reopen. It said that Iran would “make arrangements” to allow the safe passage of commercial vessels with no charge for 60 days.

But both sides have repeatedly accused the other of breaching the terms of the deal, however.

The MOU is “vague and ambiguous,” said Fawaz Gerges, a professor of international relations at the London School of Economics.

The deal stipulates that Iran “must make arrangements and best efforts to allow vessels to sail in the Strait of Hormuz,” he added, but the U.S. “does not really accept Iran’s designated route.”

This tells us “a great deal about the vast gulf that exists between the United States and Iran,” he said. “If they cannot peacefully manage a 60-day ceasefire, how can they resolve the huge differences regarding Iran’s nuclear program and a lasting settlement?”

U.S. allies in the Gulf, including Qatar and Jordan, condemned Iran’s latest attacks on Bahrain and Kuwait and called for restraint.

Qatar “emphasizes the necessity of sparing the region the consequences of these unjustified attacks, continuing on the path of dialogue and diplomacy,” its foreign ministry said Sunday in a post on X.

“I think we don’t have a full ceasefire, a complete ceasefire, we have a lesser ceasefire,” Gerges added. “I wonder whether the new normal is a limbo state of no war and no peace.”